The influence of critical, creative, communication, collaboration thinking ability on the entrepreneurial ability and competency of Tefa vocational school teachers in East Java

Abstract

This research analyzes the influence of 21st-century skills (4C: critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration) and entrepreneurship on teacher competency in Vocational High Schools (SMK) through the Teaching Factory (TEFA) model in East Java. Using the path analysis method and a sample of 303 teachers from 40 vocational schools, the research found that these skills contributed significantly to entrepreneurial ability and directly increased TEFA teacher competency. The results show that communication skills have the greatest influence on entrepreneurship, while critical thinking skills are the main factor in increasing teacher competence. This research emphasizes the importance of implementing 4C and entrepreneurship skills training to improve the quality of education and students' readiness to face industrial challenges.