Mechanisms of signal loss and reflection in optical fibers and their impact on radio direction finding efficiency in bent cable routes

Abstract

This scientific research investigates the mechanisms of signal loss and reflection in bent optical fiber routes and analyzes their impact on the efficiency of radio direction-finding systems based on numerical and experimental data. The study revealed that at bending angles from 30° to 90°, signal loss increased from 0.05 dB to 0.25 dB, and the reflection coefficient rose from 1.2% to 4.8%, leading to a decrease in system sensitivity from 95.4% to 81.7%. Engineering solutions proposed include the use of bend-insensitive fibers, maintaining a minimum bending radius of the route, OTDR monitoring, and integration of regenerators. Additionally, channel capacity is enhanced through DWDM technology. The research results provide a scientific foundation aimed at improving the reliability and performance of optical communication and radio direction-finding systems.