Mustafa, A.E.B. , Alhujuri, N.S. , Al-Yousif, A.S. , Alotaibi, S.A.R. and Almatrodi, H.M.A. 2025. Monitoring and observing the movement of sand dunes and their impact on urban centers, engineering facilities, and agricultural lands in Al-Ahsa governorate using geo- AI and GIS for environmental sustainability. International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies. 8, 6 (Sep. 2025), 2030–2047. DOI:https://doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v8i6.10075.