Phinla, W. , Phinla, W. and Mahapoonyanont, N. 2025. An integrated social studies teaching model based on problem-based and community-based learning to foster 21st century competencies in small primary schools. International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies. 8, 3 (Apr. 2025), 509–518. DOI:https://doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v8i3.6555.